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Treatment of ADHD in Adults Adults suffering from adhd are treated with therapy, medication, and family support. Clinical trials are available to test new treatments for ADHD. The stimulant medications are the most effective treatment for adults suffering from ADHD. However, they must be monitored regularly. This includes monthly appointments with a doctor, and frequent reviews of side effects and symptoms. Medicines Numerous medications can be used to alleviate the symptoms of ADHD in adults. They are known as psychostimulants and they affect the levels of certain chemicals in your brain (neurotransmitters) which transmit messages between nerve cells. Your doctor will choose the right medication for you and will determine the most appropriate dosage and time to take it. It may take a while to find the right dosage and medication that is able to control your symptoms. The first medication that doctors prescribe to adults suffering from ADHD is stimulants. These medications increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in your brain, which improve your ability to focus and control impulses. They come in short-, intermediate— and long-acting forms. Short-acting stimulants can last up to up to 6 hours. Intermediate-acting medications last 8-10 hours. Long-acting stimulants last from 8 to 16. Long-acting stimulants are less likely to cause side effects than shorter- and intermediate-acting medications, but they still can cause an increase in appetite and sleepiness. Nonstimulant medications, like atomoxetine (Strattera) can be used to treat adult ADHD when stimulants aren't effective or cause unpleasant adverse side consequences. These medicines do not affect your norepinephrine or dopamine levels however they increase the amount of norepinephrine available to your brain, and improve your ability to concentrate. These medications are in capsules and are taken once or twice a day. Many people with ADHD also have other psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression. These conditions are referred to as comorbidities and can influence how you respond to ADHD treatment. Before beginning treatment for ADHD it is essential to address any comorbidities. For instance, people who have a history of substance use disorder may be more likely to misuse psychostimulants. It's best to wait until someone has quit using drugs before taking them on with stimulants. Psychotherapy Psychotherapy is a process of talking and discussing issues that may be disturbing or troubling to someone. The therapist gives advice on the basis of his or her training, experience, credentials and therapeutic philosophy. Psychotherapy can be short-term (a few weeks or months) dealing with issues that are more immediate, or long-term (months or years) in which a person is attempting to resolve more complex and long-standing issues. The duration and frequency of treatment are determined by the patient and therapist together. Psychotherapy and medication are an extremely effective method to treat adults suffering from ADHD. Behavioral therapy can help people improve their time management, organizational skills, and prioritizing. It can also teach methods to manage emotions like anger and frustration. The use of medication can help reduce symptoms and increase focus, leading to more effective and efficient academic and work performance. Adults who suffer from ADHD have a higher risk of co-existing conditions. This is particularly relevant for mood disorders such as depression and anxiety. It is important that any co-existing condition be treated prior to starting treatment for ADHD. Treatment of co-existing disorders could require different types and doses of medication than those used to treat ADHD. A person with ADHD may also suffer from hypertension. To choose a medication to treat the ADHD symptoms without causing instability to the hypertension of the patient it is essential to understand how different medications affect people over time as well as the interactions between the medications. It's crucial to locate a therapist who has experience treating adults with ADHD and with whom you are comfortable. It is also crucial to schedule your first few sessions during times when you're not distracted by family responsibilities or work obligations. Counseling Adults suffering from ADHD typically face a variety of problems in their lives, such as relationships and work issues. The person who has ADHD might be prone to anger, frustration and blame that have developed over time. Numerous psychosocial therapies have been proven to aid them and their families learn new behaviors, skills, and ways of relating. Psychotherapy can include cognitive behavior therapy, a form of psychotherapy that assists individuals change their behavior and thinking. It involves setting goals, training and the practice of skills, as well as teaching strategies for improving self-esteem and organizational skills. It may be done in group or individual sessions. Metacognitive therapy has proven to significantly reduce symptoms in adults suffering from ADHD and improve their functioning (Stevenson and colleagues., 2002). Some people with ADHD may also require therapy to help them overcome certain life challenges. These challenges may include family conflicts, impulsive or aggressive behaviors, or difficulty in dealing with failures and disappointments. Counseling can help you develop the techniques to deal with these situations and enhance the ability to communicate and solve problems. It can also improve relationships, particularly in marriages and other long-term relationships. Family therapy and supportive group therapy are other forms of psychotherapy that could be used to treat ADHD. These can assist families to cope with the anxiety of having a child with ADHD and develop skills to improve communication and reduce conflict. It can also help parents learn about the disorder and develop parenting techniques that promote positive outcomes for their children. It is important for people suffering from ADHD to discuss their medications with their healthcare providers regularly, and to disclose all other medications they are taking, including prescription drugs. Some medications can cause adverse effects or interact with other medications. Medication Monitoring After a comprehensive evaluation and diagnosis is made it is essential that the patient be monitored to ensure that they are receiving the benefits of medication and not experiencing any adverse side effects. It is recommended that a patient be referred for a first clinical examination within 30 days of beginning treatment and then every month thereafter. This allows for a thorough titration of psychostimulants such as amphetamines and methylphenidate to a safe, effective dose. This allows for a precise registration of the patient's response and helps to avoid having sensitive patients remain taking insufficient doses (slow metabolism) or forcing those who require higher doses on excessively high levels (rapid metabolizers). Adults who do not respond well to stimulant medication or suffer from side effects that are intolerable might benefit from non-stimulant drugs. visit the up coming document , this is the use of atomoxetine, or other methylphenidate alternatives. Adults who suffer from ADHD are usually affected by comorbid disorders like depression or substance abuse. Additionally, they may suffer from chronic sleep disorders or medical problems such as vision and hearing disorders. As part of the initial evaluation for ADHD it is crucial to detect such conditions and evaluate them. These conditions can have a significant effect on functional impairments in adults. Marital therapy can also be beneficial in the treatment of ADHD. Couples complain of being overwhelmed by the responsibilities of caring for their spouses suffering from ADHD, and can become resentful or angry in response. Making the patient aware of the symptoms of his/her illness and helping them understand that these aren't willful actions or a lack of love can reduce marital conflict and resentment. Couples who undergo this type of therapy tend to be more functional as a family. Behavioral Therapy Psychotherapy for adults suffering from ADHD is typically recommended. It should include a behavioral and cognitive component. Behavioral therapy assists patients in improving their organization skills, focus, and control impulsive behaviors. It helps patients manage their work, social, and home situations more effectively. Psychotherapy assists patients in understanding how their condition affects various aspects of their lives and relationships. This can help reduce the shame and low-esteem that are commonly seen in adults with ADHD. They might be perceived by others as lazy or less intelligent. Many psychiatric disorders can mimic ADHD symptoms. Adult ADHD patients are more likely to be suffering from anxiety disorders and depression. If necessary, the presence of other psychiatric disorders should be assessed to determine whether ADHD symptoms are caused by them. A combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is typically recommended for the treatment of ADHD in adults. It has been established that a combination of psychotherapy and medication can produce better results than either therapy alone. Future controlled medication studies should aim to track and measure the improvement in functional aspects such as improved functioning at school, workplace, and interpersonal relationships.